Choriocytosis

From Memory Alpha, the free Star Trek reference.

Choriocytosis is a virus affecting the ability of blood cells to carry oxygen to the body's organs. It is known to affect Humans and Vulcans.

In 2270 the USS Enterprise was affected by an outbreak of choriocytosis that was eventually brought under control by the administration of strobolin. (TAS: "The Pirates of Orion")